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Salah Kaprah Bahasa Indonesia

Meskipun kita adalah orang Indonesia, belum tentu pemahaman kita terhadap bahasa Indonesia sudah tepat. Masih banyak ejaan kata, penggunaan huruf kapital, pemaknaan kata, serta pelafalan kata yang salah yang digunakan oleh media massa sehingga sudah menjadi lumrah menurut masyarakat.

EJAAN KATA
(Untuk referensi, silakan merujuk pada Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia edisi III yang juga tersedia secara online dari http://bahasa.kemdiknas.go.id/kbbi/index.php)

  • Aritmatika (seharusnya aritmetika)
  • Hapal (seharusnya hafal)
  • Kokoh (seharusnya kukuh)
  • Malpraktik (seharusnya malapraktik)
  • Menghembuskan (seharusnya mengembuskan)
  • Merk (seharusnya merek)
  • Mushola (seharusnya musala)
  • Resiko (seharusnya risiko)
  • Sholat (seharusnya salat)
  • Silahkan (seharusnya silakan)
  • Standard (seharusnya standar)
  • Standarisasi (seharusnya standardisasi)
  • Terlanjur (seharusnya telanjur)
  • Terlentang (seharusnya telentang)

PENGGUNAAN HURUF KAPITAL
Di sini hanya akan dijelaskan penggunaan huruf kapital yang sering menjadi kesalahan.
(Untuk referensi, silakan merujuk pada Pedoman Umum Ejaan Bahasa Indonesia yang Disempurnakan yang diterbitkan oleh Pusat Bahasa Departemen Pendidikan Nasional)

Nama Jabatan
Huruf kapital dipakai sebagai huruf pertama nama jabatan hanya jika diikuti nama orang atau dipakai sebagai pengganti nama orang tertentu, nama instansi, atau nama tempat.

Misalnya:

Sultan Hasanuddin, Nabi Muhammad, Sekretaris Jenderal Departemen Pertanian, Gubernur Irian Jaya

Huruf kapital tidak dipakai bila nama jabatan tersebut tidak diikuti nama orang, nama instansi, atau nama tempat.

Misalnya:

Dia baru saja diangkat menjadi presiden.
Proses pelantikan dirinya menjadi jenderal berlangsung khidmat.
Tahun ini dia pergi naik haji.

Nama Orang
Seperti yang telah diketahui semua orang, huruf kapital dipakai sebagai huruf pertama unsur nama orang, tetapi huruf kapital tidak dipakai untuk nama orang yang digunakan sebagai satuan ukuran.

Misalnya:

Mesin diesel, 10 volt, 5 ampere

Nama Bangsa, Suku Bangsa, dan Bahasa
Huruf kapital dipakai pada nama bangsa, suku bangsa, dan bahasa, namun kata ‘bangsa’, ‘suku’, dan ‘bahasa’ yang mendahuluinya tidak menggunakan huruf kapital.

Misalnya:

bangsa Indonesia, suku Sunda, bahasa Inggris

Nama Negara, Lembaga Pemerintah, dan Dokumen Resmi
Huruf kapital dipakai sebagai huruf pertama semua unsur nama negara, lembaga pemerintah, serta nama dokumen resmi.

Misalnya:

Republik Indonesia, Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat, Undang-Undang Nomor 29 Tahun 2004

Huruf kapital tidak dipakai bila negara, lembaga pemerintah, serta dokumen resmi tersebut tidak diikuti oleh nama tertentu.

Misalnya:

menjadi sebuah republik, beberapa badan hukum, kerja sama antara pemerintah dan rakyat, menurut undang-undang yang berlaku

Kata Sapaan
Huruf kapital digunakan untuk kata sapaan.

Misalnya:

Kapan Ibu akan berangkat ke sana?
Silakan Bapak menghubungi saya bila sudah siap.

Huruf kapital tidak digunakan untuk kata penunjuk hubungan kekerabatan yang tidak dipakai sebagai kata sapaan.

Misalnya:

Semua harus menghormati bapak dan ibu kita.

PERGESERAN MAKNA
(Untuk referensi, silakan merujuk pada Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia edisi III yang juga tersedia secara online dari http://bahasa.kemdiknas.go.id/kbbi/index.php)

Seronok
Menurut KBBI, kata ‘seronok’ berarti:

menyenangkan hati, sedap dilihat (didengar, dsb)

Oleh karena itu, kalimat “Jangan memakai pakaian yang seronok” berarti melarang seseorang untuk tampil cantik atau tampan dengan pakaiannya.

Geming
Menurut KBBI, kata ‘geming’ berarti:

tidak bergerak sedikit juga; diam saja

Oleh karena itu, kalimat “Ia tidak bergeming” berarti orang yang dimaksud bergerak.

Acuh
Menurut KBBI, kata ‘acuh’ berarti:

peduli; mengindahkan

Oleh karena itu, kalimat “Ia mengacuhkan ayahnya” berarti orang yang dimaksud memedulikan ayahnya.

PELAFALAN KATA
Bahasa Indonesia cukup banyak menggunakan kata serapan asing. Sayangnya, terjadi banyak ketidakkonsistenan dalam pelafalan bahasa serapan tersebut, terutama bahasa serapan yang disingkat.

TV
Televisi seringkali disingkat sebagai TV dan dibaca ‘ti-vi’. Mengapa tidak dibaca ‘te-ve’? Bukankah televisi juga bahasa Indonesia? Selain itu, kita melafalkan TV sebagai ‘ti-vi’, tetapi TVRI sebagai ‘te-ve-er-i’ dan SCTV sebagai ‘es-ce-te-ve’.

KFC
KFC memang merupakan suatu merek dagang dari luar negeri dan tidak memiliki padanan kata dalam bahasa Indonesia sehingga sudah sepatutnya dibaca dalam bahasa aslinya sebagai ‘kei-ef-si’. Sayangnya, ketika ada singkatan merek yang sulit dilafalkan dalam bahasa Inggris, kita jadi melafalkannya dalam bahasa Indonesia. Misalnya A&W. Kita melafalkannya sebagai ‘a-we’ bukan ‘ei-en-dabelyu’.

HP
HP merupakan singkatan dari handphone. Meskipun kata handphone memiliki padanan kata ‘telepon seluler’ dalam bahasa Indonesia, masyarakat tetap lebih suka menyebutnya sebagai HP dan dibaca ‘ha-pe’. Padahal, HP tersebut merupakan singkatan Inggris dan seharusnya dibaca ‘eich-pi’.

Sebagai kesimpulan, ternyata cukup sulit untuk berbahasa Indonesia yang baik dan benar. Baik saja atau benar saja tidak cukup, tetapi harus baik dan benar. Salah kaprah yang terjadi sudah cukup banyak. Semoga kita tidak menambah lebih banyak lagi kesalahan berbahasa Indonesia.

    • #salah kaprah; bahasa Indonesia
  • 10 months ago
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There are times when you feel uncertainty all around you and can’t decide for yourself. You can’t because you are afraid of wrong decision. At these times, it is always nice to have someone, who you can trust and be relied on, do it for you.
  • 11 months ago
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Letting go doesn’t mean giving up. It means moving on. It is one of the hardest things a person can do. Starting at birth, we grasp on to anything we can get our hands on, and hold on as if we will cease to exist when we let go. We feel that letting go is giving up, quitting, and that as we all know is cowardly. But as we grow older we are forced to change our way of thinking. We are forced to realize that letting go means accepting things that cannot be. It means maturing and moving on, no matter how hard you have to fight yourself to do so.
  • 11 months ago
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Life is like riding a roller coaster. You get panic when going through the twists, yet you miss them when the rise is flat.
  • 1 year ago
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Doctor’s Career: The Beginning

Graduating from medical school means that we are released to the jungle right away. We, doctors, are supposed to deal with people’s lives without any assistance anymore. However “social” this job may seem to be, it’s no difference from other jobs. Doctors need to earn money for their livings from the medical service they give to patients. Don’t be hypocritical, all doctors need to fulfill their needs first before he can help others socially without expecting payment. It’s just a simple basic rule: only settled people can help others. That means, in order to fulfill our needs, doctors need to earn more money. By earning more money, that means competition among the doctors.

For fresh-graduated doctors (at least fresh-graduated GP), there is no place for us in that dreamy picture: a convenient and comfortable working situation. No. On the contrary, we must strive in our career by working in pitiful places with a very minimum salary. Not to mention that some of us receive lower payment than the regional minimum wage for doing our risky jobs, that is keeping people alive. However, this is a phase that all GPs (read: all ordinary “mudblood” GPs, i.e. who are not included in the medical kingdom) must go through.

This is us, working in a place whose building condition is concerning and receiving low salary for high risk jobs. Even sadder, our government’s regulation about internship program never mentions that doctors will receive ‘salary’. Instead, they call it as ‘basic life support’. This ‘basic life support’ is paid once in 3 months the quickest. Well, the term is literally more suitable concerning the insufficiency of the amount of money for living and the fact that even we have to wait at least 3 months or longer to receive something that is actually insufficient.

However saddening this condition might seem to be, I believe that this is not forever, nor occurring to all doctors. This is just the beginning of our careers. There are still senior doctors who are working in a very cozy practice room in a huge and luxurious hospitals. Some time later, he will need replacement. And at that time, we are no longer ‘new’ doctors. So at that time, we’ll gain what we’ve been struggling from the beginning. All we need to do for the time being is persevere with this condition, practice and be sharp as much as we could. I believe the cozy and comfortable rooms and working situation are waiting for us.

  • 1 year ago
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Facing a Crossroad in Life

Each person will face his/her crossroads in life. You know, that place where we face lots of turnings and don’t know which way to go. The place that all fresh-graduated doctors are reaching to. We are all asking ourselves,”Am I about to stop my education at general practitioner? Am I about to work on my own, in a clinic, in a hospital, or in a company? If I’m about to continue my education, am I able to go through all those years with all burden and stress (and money) all over again as a resident to become specialist? Or will I take non-clinical pathway as a lecturer, researcher? Even worse, can I be a doctor?”

It’s like traveling in a car and all of sudden the car stops at an intersection. It will be easy to ask others directions if we know where we want to go. But different thing will happen if we’re asked,”Where are you going?” and we answer,”I don’t know.” Well, it’s kind of difficult to tell directions to someone who is clueless as to the destination, isn’t it?

I believe that in such conditions, we need to be sure that we know where we’re going before searching for the paths there. These questions we need to ask ourselves,

Do I have a destination?

Do I have directions on how to get there?

Or am I frozen at the crossroads of life?

This crossroad is the place where we need to take big decisions that will determine our future, yet we can’t undo. I believe that we all dread these types of situations and nobody can tell us the right thing to do. But there is something that we definitely do not want to do. That something is nothing. Have you ever seen a deer stunned by headlights?  It panics as the vehicle speeds toward it in the dark of night.  It’s blinded by a combination of bright lights and paralyzing fear.  It can go left or right, forward or backward.  It can sprint, leap, walk or turn around.  But what does it do?  Unfortunately, all too often, Bambi stands frozen in place as 4,000 pounds of metal smash right into her. Life crossroads can be the same thing to us.

When it’s time to make a move and we stand there doing nothing, we pretty much get run over. Instead of making things happen, doing nothing just lets them happen to us.  This sucks for so many reasons, but primarily because it is not living. Living is taking an active role.  It is sitting in the driver’s seat of our life—deciding which way to turn, who to take with us, what path to follow. This is not a trip that we want to sleep through.

Lastly, let’s find what we want in life. This is a huge decision to make. This will affect our future in every aspect. Or at least, if this is too much, let’s start to care and think about our future. Life is not all about fun and holidays and vacations. Let’s do something.

  • 1 year ago
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Hal terbaik yg dpt didengar dari pasien adalah,”Dok, selain praktek di sini praktek di mana lagi?” Berarti pasiennya puas dgn pelayanan jasa kedokteran yg saya berikan. :)
  • 1 year ago
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  • Dokter: Bu, pekerjaannya apa?
  • Pasien: Oh, saya mah jobdesk, Dok..
  • Dokter: Jobdesk? Apa itu Bu?
  • Pasien: Ah Dokter jgn pura2 ga tau deh.. Jobdesk kan artinya pengangguran!
  • Dokter: Oh gitu ya... (diem aja deh)
  • #truestory #pengalamansendiri
  • 1 year ago
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By three methods we may learn wisdom.
First, by reflection, which is the noblest.
Second, by imitation, which is the easiest.
Third, by experience, which is the bitterest.
  • 1 year ago
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To go against the dominant thinking of your friends, of most of the people you see everyday, is perhaps the most difficult act of heroism you can perform
Theodore H. White
  • 1 year ago
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